ON-SITE ACTIVITIES Sumter also resumed fighting under similar circumstances. 33 Dan River - A river separating North Carolina and Virginia. By the time he was through, one soldier observed that the army was "in good spirits and very willing to fight". 22 "Benny" - Daniel Morgan's derisive name for Banastre Tarleton. Casting an imposing shadow, General Daniel Morgan strode with confidence and determination beside the rows of blazing campfires at Cowpens — a cow pasture, near present-day Spartanburg, South Carolina. How does each statement relate to what you already know about the leadership style of each commander? DANIEL MORGAN AND THE BATTLE OF COWPENS Turning the Tide in the American Revolution…and Lessons for Modern OrganizationsIn 1781 American General Daniel Morgan defeated a superior British forceat the Battle of Cowpens … It was the eve of one of the most decisive battles of the Revolution, one that was won through a combination of leadership and adaptability that is typical of a unique American way … Cowpens National Battlefield His uniform was green Gilbert Town was a small settlement in 1781 a few miles north of Rutherfordton's present site. In late 1780, British commander Lieutenant General Lord Charles Cornwallis sought to conquer the Carolinas and destroy Major General Nathanael Greene 's small American army in the region. He was second cousin, first-removed to George Washington. There is no evidence the prisoners from the Battle of Cowpens were imprisoned there. 36 Battle of Guilford Courthouse - On March 15, 1781, a British army under Cornwallis attacked Nathanael Greene's patriot forces at Guilford Courthouse, North Carolina (part of present-day Greensboro). The British took control of this city, the largest … The Battle of Cowpens was fought on January 17, 1781. Morgan, too, since he had learned of Tarleton's pursuit, had spread the word for militia18 units to rendezvous at the Cowpens. It was the name of Native Americans of the region, derived, some historians, believe, from native language. Greene's task was not an easy one. Instead the battle set in motion a series of events leading to the end of the war. 8A Camden - Fought on August 16, 1780, near Camden, South Carolina, the Battle of Camden was a disastrous defeat for the Patriots. The battle was over in less than an hour. Double envelopment would entail attack or a surrounding on both flanks, hence all sides. Walk the battlefield and have students look at interpretive signs to identify statements made by or about each commander. Though he was only 45 years old, Morgan suffered from crippling rheumatism, enduring great pain during the battle. The term "cowpens"15, endemic to such South Carolina pastureland and associated early cattle industry, would be etched in history. These were usually cleared areas, 100 to 400 acres in extent. Used synonymously with cavalrymen, both of whom could fight on horseback or dismounted. Lived through the Revolutionary War 5 Southern Loyalists - Those of the southern colonial population remaining loyal to the Crown. Many, in eastern South Carolina, were known for their native cane- brakes. 15 "cowpens" - A term, endemic to South Carolina, referring to open-range stock grazing operations of the colonial period. Stragglers from the battle were overtaken, but Tarleton escaped to tell the awful news to Cornwallis. They came south for a number of reasons, primarily to assist Southern Loyalists5 and help them regain control of colonial governments, and then push north, to crush the rebellion6. 32 Salisbury - An early town in the North Carolina piedmont known for its Confederate prison and National Cemetery, today, but lesser known for its Revolutionary War prison, most likely established in the latter years of the war. Tarleton was one of around 160 British troops to escape. 31 Gilbert Town - Presently, Rutherfordton, North Carolina. When Morgan, his army, and his prisoners crossed on January 17, the water was high from heavy rains and flooding. In one of the most dramatic moments of the battle, William Washington, racing ahead of his cavalry, dueled hand-to-hand with Tarleton and two of his officers. As other companies along the line followed suite, Morgan rode up to ask Howard if he were beaten. Tarleton and his remaining forces galloped away to Cornwallis' camp. Have others write on Tarleton. Morrill, Dan L. Southern Campaigns of the American Revolution, Baltimore, Maryland; The Nautical and Aviation Publishing Company of America, N.D. Tarleton, Banastre, A History of hte Campaigns of 1780 and 1781 in the Southern Provinces of North America. During this period of the war, Pickens joined Francis Marion and Thomas Sumter as the most well-known partisan leaders in the Carolinas. His words were especially effective with the militia the "Old Waggoner"20 of French and Indian War days and the hero of Saratoga21, spoke their language. It was his goal to have the first two lines slow the British before withdrawing and forcing Tarleton's weakened men to attack uphill against the Continentals. (Known also today as Buford's massacre) There is some contention over the origin of the name Waxhaws. But, as one observed, Morgan hardly slept a wink that night. Morgan employed three progressively stronger defensive lines: a front line of skirmishers deployed behind trees, followed by Southern militia troops, and, finally, the regular Continental Army troops supported by Col.… Such victories boosted Patriot morale and blunted British efforts, but, by 1779-80, with stalemate in the North, British strategists again looked south. Read selections to your class on Daniel Morgan and Banastre Tarleton from sources such as The Green Dragoon (Bass), Daniel Morgan – Revolutionary Rifleman (Higgenbotham), and A History of the Campaigns of 1780 and 1781 in the Southern Provinces of North America (Tarleton). His army even out-raced their own cannon (two three-pounders.) Have some write about the Battle of Cowpens emphasizing the actions of Daniel Morgan. The Battle of Cowpens (January 17, 1781) was a decisive victory by American Revolutionary forces under Brigadier General Daniel Morgan, in the Southern campaign of the American Revolutionary War. When the news of the battle reached London, a member of the House of Commons said, "Another such victory would ruin the British army". 8 Charleston - On May 12, 1780, British forces under Clinton forced the surrender of the Charleston militia and Continentals under the command of General Benjamin Lincoln. 2. The Battle of Cowpens was an engagement during the American Revolutionary War fought on January 17, 1781, between American Colonial forces under Brigadier General Daniel Morgan and British forces under Lieutenant Colonel Sir Banastre Tarleton, as part of the campaign in the Carolinas (North and South).The battle was a turning point in the American reconquest of South Carolina from the British. Courageous and mature, he fought against the British at Quebec … When he learned Morgan was operating in the backcountry, he began a rapid pursuit. Buchanan, John. Relying upon strategic creativity, Brigadier General Daniel Morgan and a mixed Patriot force rout British Lieutenant Colonel Banastre Tarleton and a … This victory encouraged France to enter the war to assist the Americans. Tarleton, also called "Bloody," thought they would win like they usually did. Finally, Tarleton, himself, saw the futility of continued battle, and with a handful of his men, fled from whence he came, down the Green River Road. Perhaps the army was already ruined, and Greene's strategy of attrition was working. Known as the “Old Wagoner” 23 dragoon - A mounted infantryman, who often rode his horse into battle and dismounted to fight. Conflict came, often pitting neighbor against neighbor and re-igniting old feuds and animosities. 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